another. Indeed, many literary approaches embrace historical interests. This is true of “Narrative Criticism” (Chapter 12), too, in spite of the origins of narrative study in more narrowly text-based analysis of stories. (3) In-front-of-the-Text approaches take seriously the question, Who is doing the reading? In recent decades, this has become an increasingly crucial question, since, it is increasingly acknowledged, all interpretation is influenced and conditioned by the interests and social location